shall

shall [ ʃəl, strong ʃæl ] modal verb ***

Shall is usually followed by an infinitive without to :

I shall explain everything later. Sometimes it is used without a following infinitive:

I have never visited Africa and probably never shall.

Shall does not change its form, so the third person singular form does not end in -s :

The President shall appoint all ambassadors with the consent of the Senate.

Questions and negatives are formed without do :

Shall I come with you?

The negative form shall not can be shortened in conversation or informal writing to shan't, especially in British English.

Shall has no participles and no infinitive form. In British English, shall can be used for forming the future tense of another verb when the subject is I or we, but it does not have a future tense of its own:

We shall see you tomorrow.

Should can sometimes be used as the past tense of shall, for example, in indirect speech introduced by a verb in the past tense:

I hoped that I should not need to defend myself.

1. ) used for offering help, suggesting something, or asking someone what they would like you to do:

shall I/we...?: Shall we have some lunch?

Shall I help you with your luggage?

Where shall we meet?

Shall I open the champagne?

a ) used for asking for advice when you cannot decide what to do:

what shall I/we...?: What shall we do? We can't stay here all night.

2. ) => NOTE BRITISH used for saying what you intend to do in the future or what situation you expect to be in:

I/we shall: I shall be busy all day tomorrow.

If he gets violent, I shall call the police.

shall have: By nightfall we shall have achieved our objectives.

3. ) LEGAL used in instructions and legal documents for saying that something must be done:

The Court shall have authority to demand the presence of witnesses.

4. ) FORMAL used for emphasizing that you are determined that something will definitely happen:

You shall receive all the money that is owed to you.